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1 dramatic
[drəˈmætɪk] adjective1) of or in the form of a drama:درامي، مَسْرَحيa dramatic performance.
2) vivid or striking:مُثير، مُؤَثِّر جدا، بارِزShe made a dramatic entrance.
3) (of a person) showing (too) much feeling or emotion:شَديد المَشاعِر والعَواطِفShe's very dramatic about everything.
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2 заметное улучшение
dramatic improvement, marked improvement -
3 dramatisch
I Adj. LIT., THEAT. dramatic (auch fig.)II Adv. dramatically* * *dramatic* * *dra|ma|tisch [dra'maːtɪʃ] (lit, fig)1. adjdramatic2. advdramatically* * *1) (vivid or striking: a dramatic improvement; She made a dramatic entrance.) dramatic2) ((of a person) showing (too) much feeling or emotion: She's very dramatic about everything.) dramatic3) dramatically* * *dra·ma·tisch[draˈma:tɪʃ]mach's nicht so \dramatisch! don't be so theatrical!II. adv dramatically* * *1.Adjektiv dramatic2.adverbial dramatically* * *B. adv dramatically* * *1.Adjektiv dramatic2.adverbial dramatically* * *adj.dramatic adj. adv.dramatically adv. -
4 резкое улучшение условий труда
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > резкое улучшение условий труда
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5 Huygens, Christiaan
SUBJECT AREA: Horology[br]b. 14 April 1629 The Hague, the Netherlandsd. 8 June 1695 The Hague, the Netherlands[br]Dutch scientist who was responsible for two of the greatest advances in horology: the successful application of both the pendulum to the clock and the balance spring to the watch.[br]Huygens was born into a cultured and privileged class. His father, Constantijn, was a poet and statesman who had wide interests. Constantijn exerted a strong influence on his son, who was educated at home until he reached the age of 16. Christiaan studied law and mathematics at Ley den University from 1645 to 1647, and continued his studies at the Collegium Arausiacum in Breda until 1649. He then lived at The Hague, where he had the means to devote his time entirely to study. In 1666 he became a Member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris and settled there until his return to The Hague in 1681. He also had a close relationship with the Royal Society and visited London on three occasions, meeting Newton on his last visit in 1689. Huygens had a wide range of interests and made significant contributions in mathematics, astronomy, optics and mechanics. He also made technical advances in optical instruments and horology.Despite the efforts of Burgi there had been no significant improvement in the performance of ordinary clocks and watches from their inception to Huygens's time, as they were controlled by foliots or balances which had no natural period of oscillation. The pendulum appeared to offer a means of improvement as it had a natural period of oscillation that was almost independent of amplitude. Galileo Galilei had already pioneered the use of a freely suspended pendulum for timing events, but it was by no means obvious how it could be kept swinging and used to control a clock. Towards the end of his life Galileo described such a. mechanism to his son Vincenzio, who constructed a model after his father's death, although it was not completed when he himself died in 1642. This model appears to have been copied in Italy, but it had little influence on horology, partly because of the circumstances in which it was produced and possibly also because it differed radically from clocks of that period. The crucial event occurred on Christmas Day 1656 when Huygens, quite independently, succeeded in adapting an existing spring-driven table clock so that it was not only controlled by a pendulum but also kept it swinging. In the following year he was granted a privilege or patent for this clock, and several were made by the clockmaker Salomon Coster of The Hague. The use of the pendulum produced a dramatic improvement in timekeeping, reducing the daily error from minutes to seconds, but Huygens was aware that the pendulum was not truly isochronous. This error was magnified by the use of the existing verge escapement, which made the pendulum swing through a large arc. He overcame this defect very elegantly by fitting cheeks at the pendulum suspension point, progressively reducing the effective length of the pendulum as the amplitude increased. Initially the cheeks were shaped empirically, but he was later able to show that they should have a cycloidal shape. The cheeks were not adopted universally because they introduced other defects, and the problem was eventually solved more prosaically by way of new escapements which reduced the swing of the pendulum. Huygens's clocks had another innovatory feature: maintaining power, which kept the clock going while it was being wound.Pendulums could not be used for portable timepieces, which continued to use balances despite their deficiencies. Robert Hooke was probably the first to apply a spring to the balance, but his efforts were not successful. From his work on the pendulum Huygens was well aware of the conditions necessary for isochronism in a vibrating system, and in January 1675, with a flash of inspiration, he realized that this could be achieved by controlling the oscillations of the balance with a spiral spring, an arrangement that is still used in mechanical watches. The first model was made for Huygens in Paris by the clockmaker Isaac Thuret, who attempted to appropriate the invention and patent it himself. Huygens had for many years been trying unsuccessfully to adapt the pendulum clock for use at sea (in order to determine longitude), and he hoped that a balance-spring timekeeper might be better suited for this purpose. However, he was disillusioned as its timekeeping proved to be much more susceptible to changes in temperature than that of the pendulum clock.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1663. Member of the Académie Royale des Sciences 1666.BibliographyFor his complete works, see Oeuvres complètes de Christian Huygens, 1888–1950, 22 vols, The Hague.1658, Horologium, The Hague; repub., 1970, trans. E.L.Edwardes, AntiquarianHorology 7:35–55 (describes the pendulum clock).1673, Horologium Oscillatorium, Paris; repub., 1986, The Pendulum Clock or Demonstrations Concerning the Motion ofPendula as Applied to Clocks, trans.R.J.Blackwell, Ames.The balance spring watch was first described in Journal des Sçavans 25 February 1675, and translated in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (1675) 4:272–3.Further ReadingH.J.M.Bos, 1972, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. C.C.Gillispie, Vol. 6, New York, pp. 597–613 (for a fuller account of his life and scientific work, but note the incorrect date of his death).R.Plomp, 1979, Spring-Driven Dutch Pendulum Clocks, 1657–1710, Schiedam (describes Huygens's application of the pendulum to the clock).S.A.Bedini, 1991, The Pulse of Time, Florence (describes Galileo's contribution of the pendulum to the clock).J.H.Leopold, 1982, "L"Invention par Christiaan Huygens du ressort spiral réglant pour les montres', Huygens et la France, Paris, pp. 154–7 (describes the application of the balance spring to the watch).A.R.Hall, 1978, "Horology and criticism", Studia Copernica 16:261–81 (discusses Hooke's contribution).DV -
6 поразительное улучшение
Medicine: dramatic improvement (состояния больного)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > поразительное улучшение
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7 voldsom
dramatic, ferocious, heavy, steep, violent* * *adj violent ( fx attack, collision, death, pain, temper, effort),( heftig) intense ( fx desire, heat, hatred),F vehement ( fx desire, protest, storm, fire);( meget stor, gevaldig) tremendous ( fx appetite, effort, energy, explosion, improvement);(om stigning el. fald: voldsom og brat) steep ( fx rise in prices; drop in temperature);[voldsomt adv] violently etc; steeply ( fx consumption rose steeply);[ det sneede voldsomt] it snowed hard;[ med sb:][ voldsom fart] a tremendous (el. furious, terrific) speed (, pace);[ gøre et voldsomt indtryk på] make a profound (, stærkere: shattering) impression on;[ voldsomme kampe] heavy fighting;[ voldsomt slag] heavy (el. powerful, violent) blow;[ voldsomt snefald] heavy snowfall. -
8 улучшение
(см. также успех) improvement, refinement, adaptation, bettering, perfecting, sharpening• Были сделаны несколько улучшений, которые минимизировали проблему... - Several improvements have been made which minimize the problem of...• Мы можем ожидать новые кардинальные улучшения в... - We can expect dramatic improvements in...• Наиболее значимым, однако, было огромное улучшение... - Particularly significant, however, has been the great improvement in...• Следовательно, можно ожидать значительного улучшения (в случае), когда... - Hence, a major improvement can be expected when...• Ясно, что имеются существенные возможности для улучшений при изучении... - Clearly, there is considerable room for improvement in the study of...• Некоторое улучшение достигается... - Some improvement is achieved by... -
9 ожидать
(= ждать) expect, wait (for), anticipate, look forward to•..., что и следовало ожидать. -..., which was to be expected.• Более того, то лее самое общее поведение следует ожидать, когда... - Furthermore, the same general behavior is to be expected when...• В общем случае следует ожидать, что... - In general it should be anticipated that...• В общем случае у нас нет оснований ожидать... - In the general case, we cannot reasonably expect...• В первом приближении мы должны ожидать... - То а first approximation we should expect...• Данное предложение ожидалось к 10 декабря. - The proposal was due by December 10.• Другими словами, мы бы ожидали... - In other words, we would expect...• Естественно ожидать, что... - It is naturally to be expected that...• Заранее у нас нет никаких причин ожидать, что... - We have no a priori reason to expect that...• Из физических соображений мы могли бы ожидать, что... - On physical grounds we might expect that...• Имеет смысл ожидать, что... - It is reasonable to anticipate that...• Как и следовало ожидать,... - As one should expect...• Как можно было бы ожидать,... - As one might expect; As one would expect, As might be expected from...; As might be hoped for...• Можно ожидать, что метод обеспечит нахождение по меньшей мере одного корня. - The method can be expected to provide at least one root.• Мы можем ожидать новые кардинальные улучшения в... - We can expect dramatic improvements in...• Мы не можем ожидать выполнения этого результата в случае... - This result cannot be expected to hold for...• Мы не ожидали, что... - We had not anticipated that...• Мы ожидаем (= предполагаем) опубликовать нашу работу в течение двух лет. - We expect to publish our work within two years.• Мы уже убедились (= видели), что в общем случае мы не можем ожидать... - We have already seen that we cannot, in general, expect...• Не является беспочвенным ожидать, что... - It is not altogether unreasonable to expect that...• Необходимо (= следует) ожидать, что... - It is to be expected that...• Ожидается, что... - It is anticipated that...; It is expected that...• Основываясь на этом анализе, мы должны ожидать... - On the basis of this analysis we should expect...• По этой причине мы должны ожидать, что... - For this reason we should expect...• После всего этого, мы могли бы ожидать, что... - We would expect, after all, that...• После короткого промежутка времени мы должны были бы ожидать... - After a short time, we would expect...• Последний результат существенно отличается от того, что мы ожидали. - The latter result differs considerably from what we expected.• С первого взгляда мы могли бы ожидать... - At first sight we might expect...• Следовательно, можно ожидать значительное улучшение (в случае), когда... - Hence, a major improvement can be expected when...• Следовательно, можно ожидать, что... - Therefore it may be expected that...• Следовательно, мы можем ожидать, что... - We may anticipate, therefore, that...• Следовательно, разумно ожидать, что... - It is thus reasonable to expect that...• Следует ожидать, что... - It is to be expected that...• Тогда можно ожидать, что... - One may then expect that...• Хотя мы и не проводили многочисленные эксперименты, однако мы ожидаем, что... - Although no extensive experiments have been carried out, we expect that...• Это можно было бы ожидать из физических соображений, потому что... - Physically, this could be expected because...• Этого результата следовало ожидать, исходя из факта, что... - This result was to be expected from the fact that... -
10 резко улучшаться
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > резко улучшаться
См. также в других словарях:
improvement — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ big, considerable, enormous, great, huge, major, marked, massive, material, radical, remarkable … Collocations dictionary
dramatic — dra|mat|ic [drəˈmætık] adj 1.) great and sudden dramatic change/shift/improvement ▪ Computers have brought dramatic changes to the workplace. dramatic increase/rise/fall/drop/reduction etc ▪ Universities have suffered a dramatic drop in student… … Dictionary of contemporary English
improvement — im|prove|ment W2 [ımˈpru:vmənt] n 1.) [U and C] the act of improving something or the state of being improved improvement in/on/to ▪ There s been a big improvement in the children s behaviour. ▪ an improvement on earlier models ▪ We need to carry … Dictionary of contemporary English
improvement — [[t]ɪmpru͟ːvmənt[/t]] ♦♦♦ improvements 1) N VAR If there is an improvement in something, it becomes better. If you make improvements to something, you make it better. ...the dramatic improvements in organ transplantation in recent years... There… … English dictionary
dramatic — adj. VERBS ▪ be, sound ADVERB ▪ extremely, fairly, very, etc. ▪ highly, intensely … Collocations dictionary
Home Improvement (TV series) — Infobox television show name = Home Improvement caption = The Home Improvement cast format = Sitcom runtime = 30 minutes creators = Matt Williams Carmen Finestra David MacFadzean starring = Final Cast Tim Allen Patricia Richardson Earl Hindman… … Wikipedia
List of Home Improvement episodes — The following is an episode list for the American television sitcom Home Improvement. The series aired on ABC from September 17, 1991 to May 25, 1999, with 204 episodes produced spanning 8 seasons. Contents 1 Series overview 2 Season 1: 1991–1992 … Wikipedia
Performance improvement plan — A Performance Improvement Plan or PIP is a set of explicit goals given to an employee to meet. These goals are usually given as a result of some failure, either dramatic or systemic, on the part of the employee. Properly done, a PIP gives an… … Wikipedia
environment — environmental, adj. environmentally, adv. /en vuy reuhn meuhnt, vuy euhrn /, n. 1. the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences; surroundings; milieu. 2. Ecol. the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors… … Universalium
Feingold diet — The Feingold diet is a food elimination program developed by Ben F. Feingold, MD to treat hyperactivity. It eliminates a number of artificial colors and artificial flavors, aspartame, three petroleum based preservatives, and (at least initially)… … Wikipedia
Mississippi — /mis euh sip ee/, n. 1. a state in the S United States. 2,520,638; 47,716 sq. mi. (123,585 sq. km). Cap.: Jackson. Abbr.: MS (for use with zip code), Miss. 2. a river flowing S from N Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico: the principal river of the… … Universalium
